| Description |
Prochlorperazine (D-Emetic Tab) is a potent phenothiazine antipsychotic agent, that is widely used in nausea, vomiting and vertigo
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| Composition |
D-Emetic Tab Tablet: Each tablet contains Prochlorperazine Maleate BP 5 mg.
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| Mode of action |
Prochlorperazine is a dopamine and histamine antagonist. The mechanism of anti-emetic is due to predominantly to blockade of the histamine H1 and dopamine D2 neurotransmitter receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting center. It also has weak anti-cholinergic effect and prevents acid reflux by increasing the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter.
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| Pharmacokinetics |
There is little information about blood levels, distribution and excretion in humans. The rate of metabolism and excretion of phenothiazines decreases in old age.
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| Indications |
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In the treatment of migraine, nausea, vomiting, vertigo and meniere's syndrome, adjunct in the short-time management of anxiety, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and also as a day-time tranquilizer.
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| Dosage & administration |
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Oral: Adult: For the treatment of nausea and vomiting of whatever cause, initially 20 mg, if required 10 mg after 2 hours. Prevention of nausea and vomiting, 5-10 mg 2-3 times daily. Child (above 10 kg): 250 mcg/kg 2-3 times daily. In minor mental disturbances, 5-20 mg daily in divided doses (maximum 40 mg/day).
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| Side effects |
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Transient drowsiness, dryness of mouth may occur occasionally in the initial dosage. Very rarely mild skin rashes are reported.
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| Contraindications |
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Patients hypersensitive to phenothiazine derivatives and extrapyramidal syndrome.
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| Use in pregnancy & lactation |
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No evidence of adverse effects of this drug has been reported during pregnancy and lactation.
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| Precautions |
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The daily dose of this drug should not exceed 40 mg. For long-term treatment an antidote drug should be used concomitantly.
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| Drug interactions |
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The CNS depressant action of neuroleptic agent may be intensified by alcohol, barbiturates, and others sedatives. Respiratory depression may occur. Some drugs like antacids, anti-parkinsons drug, lithium, interfere with absorption of prochlorperazine. Prochlorperazine increases or decreases the plasma concentrations of a number of drugs, e.g. propranolol, phenobarbitone.
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| Overdosage |
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Drowsiness or loss of consciousness, hypotension, tachycardia, ECG changes, ventricular arrhythmias and hypothermia. Severe extrapyramidal dyskinesias may occur.
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| Storage |
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Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
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| Packaging: |
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D-Emetic Tab Tablet: Each carton contains 10x10 tablets in blister pack.
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